OLAP is Online Analytical Processing. This means that it has data for analytical purposes (like BW). These systems get data from OLTP systems for analysis such as , how many reservations were made during last year. when weas the sales high etc kind of reports. BW/BI is and example of OLAP
1. Source of data
OLTP : Operational data; OLTPs are the original source of the data.
OLAP : Consolidation data; OLAP data comes from the various OLTP Databases
2. Purpose of data
OLTP : To control and run fundamental business tasks
OLAP : To help with planning, problem solving, and decision support.
3.What the data Reveals
OLTP : A snapshot of ongoing business processes
OLAP : Multi-dimensional views of various kinds of business activities.
4. Inserts and Updates
OLTP : Short and fast inserts and updates initiated by end users
OLAP : Periodic long-running batch jobs and refreshes to updated
5.Queries
OLTP : Relatively standardized and simple queries Returning relatively few records.
OLAP : Often complex queries involving aggregations
6.Processing Speed
OLTP : Typically very fast
OLAP : Depends on the amount of data involved; batch data refreshes and complex queries may take some time; of course query speed can be improved by different methods ex: creating indexes
7. Space Requirements
OLTP : Can be relatively small if historical data is archived. (for ex: 2-3 years data)
OLAP : Larger due to the existence of aggregation structures and history data; requires more indexes than OLTP (for ex: 5-8 years data)
8. Database Design
OLTP : Highly normalized with many tables
OLAP : Typically de-normalized with fewer tables; use of star and/or extended star schemas
9. Backup and Recovery
OLTP : Backup religiously; operational data is critical to run the business, data loss is likely to entail significant monetary loss and legal liability
OLAP : Instead of regular backups, some environments may consider simply reloading the OLTP data as a recovery method.
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